Administrative Bodies Associations Territorial communities Development projects and programmes Professional organisations Reports and studies

Summary

Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation Ministry of Electricety and Energy Ministry of Environment Ministry of Health Ministry of Local Development Ministry of water resource and irrigation

 

Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation (MALR)

History
Egypt is the gift of the Nile. The Nile is the longest single river and the second longest continuous waterway in the world. From time immemorial the Nile flooded its valley annually. Crops were grown on the mud flats left by the water as it subsided and, at a very early period, a system of basin irrigation was developed. Cereals (barley, wheat and sorghum), legumes (faba bean, lentil and chick-pea), flax, berseem clover and onion were cultivated for thousands of years. This remarkable river has exercised a unique influence on the history of civilization.
The necessity of controlling its course and utilizing its water taught the ancient Egyptians the art of river engineering and the sciences of land-surveying, agronomy and astronomy. The pharaohs created unique systems to survey and invented methods of irrigation. The Nile influenced the foundation of social, legal and political order. Since the days of Mohammed Ali in the 19th century, when cotton-growing was developed in the Delta, a great change in Egyptian agriculture has taken place. Several large projects including the Delta barrage and dams in Upper Egypt (1835-1909) were constructed in order to render perennial irrigation possible. The first school of agriculture was established in 1869 and the first directorate of agriculture in 1875. This impetus resulted in the increase of cultivated land to more than 5 million feddans by the end of the 19th century.
During the 19th century, agricultural research was carried out by the Egyptian Agricultural Royal Society, and as early as 1897 a number of experimental farms were established at various localities. In 1910 the Department of Agriculture was established under the Ministry of Public works. Concern was given to researching cotton breeding, fertilization and water requirements, and to producing and distributing certified seed.
The horticultural section focused on citrus reproduction and control of pests. A royal decree established the Ministry of Agriculture in 1913 and His Excellency Mohammed Said Pasha was the first Egyptian Minister of Agriculture. lts headquarters moved in 1913 to the historic Dokki building, where the Ministry is still housed. Among the first departments established were Plant Breeding, Horticulture, Chemistry, Entomology, Agricultural Education, Veterinary Medicine and Agricultural Inspection. Ministerial offices opened in various regions of the country. The Ministry has gone through several dramatic reforms in the past decades. It has grown from only 7 major departments
In 1913, and 28 in 1950 to 194 in 1963. Ninety two of these dealt with various aspects of agricultural production. Among the major departments were Agriculture, Horticulture, Plant Protection, Soil, Animal Production, Veterinary laboratories and seed production. These research departments were reorganized into one research body named the General Authority for Agricultural research (1971), which was later (1983) renamed the Agricultural Research Center (ARC).

Objectives
1- Increase the annual rate of growth of agricultural production to 4.1%.
2- Sustain the increase in cereals production which amounts recently to 18 million tons yearly through the contrivance of high yielding varieties, national campaigns, and setting optional floor price for targeted crops so as to be consistent with border price and maintain rice acreage around 900 thousand feddans a year.
3- Substantiate Cotton Price Stabilization Fund with the purpose of raising production of this major crop to meet the requirements of domestic mills on the one hand and fulfill export objectives on the other. The Cotton Fund also safeguards cotton producers against the risk of price fluctuation arising from economic liberalization policy application. This goes side by side with setting floor price consistent with border price and such proposed floor price must be announced broadly prior planting season. Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation will give every support possible to this strategic crop to achieve the highest level of productivity and restore its privileged position in the world market too.
4- Increase edible oil crops production to substitute imports through the expansion of sunflower, soybeans and canyola areas and setting acceptable optional floor price of such crops.
5- Increase sugar production through the expansion of sugar-beet crop which proved to be promising in several governorates. More beet-sugar factories are planned to be established in Fayoum governorate and Nubaria Zone.
6- Upgrade horticultural crops marketing efficiency, whose production amounts recently to 21 million tons yearly, through pursuing improved post harvest treatment, establishment of vegetables& fruits stock of exchange, and functioning the comparative advantages in production and exports in light of WTO and EUR &USA partnerships with Egypt.
7- Maintain restrictions on excessive use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers in line with giving more room to biological integrated pest management to minimize cost of production, upgrade quality to survive severe competition in the world markets and keep environment safe.
8- Place more emphasis on irrigation water use efficiency and agricultural soil improvement and maintenance projects. The Executive Authority for Land Improvement Projects (EALIP) assumes to perform extra services such as agricultural gypsum addition, deep plowing, laser land leveling and tile drainage services.
9- Increase animal production protein from its numerous sources to maintain self sufficiency of poultry meat, dairy products and eggs and raise self sufficiency in red meat. These objectives could be attained through the revival and development of Veal Production Project, upgrade veterinarian services, up level productivity of endogenous cattle (buffalo, cows and sheep) through adoption of efficient breeding and genetic improvement programs.

Likewise, fish resource development projects exert many efforts to achieve sustainable development of resources kept in the Nile and its tributaries, seas, lakes and fish farms.
10- Support agricultural researches, marketing extension, mobilize woman role in agricultural and rural development and develop agricultural cooperative legislations to cope with the new trends of privatization, liberalization and economic reform programs.
11- Develop the credit policies pursued by the PBDAC to play an active and constructive role in agricultural sector through extending more credit facilities and services to all agricultural rural activities. The Bank also assumes to create and encourage saving awareness among rural population and its units are planned to work on economic basis through restructuring and reorganizing themselves down to the village bank level.
12- Maintain the system of letting the recently graduated youth to own some reclaimed land in the framework of Mubarak National Project to alleviate unemployment problem. The rest of reclaimed land will be allocated for small farmers investors.
13- Keep proceeding in New Land Reclamation Programs on the area of 3.4 million feddans of the land ranked on top of priorities envisaged by Master Plan of Land Resources. Those targeted lands are located in Upper Egypt and Oases (New Valley governorate), East and North of Suez Canal, and in National South Valley Development Program aiming at creation of new integrated communities to alleviate living conditions in dense populous areas in Delta and in old Valley strip.
14- Creation of conducive environment for Egyptian, Arab and Foreign investors to launch initiatives in agricultural production, post harvest, marketing and export projects.

Structure
Download the diagram of the ministry structure.

 

 

Ministry of Electricety and Energy

History

1962	Nationalization of Electricity Generation, transmission and Distribution Companies and Three Authorities were formed to practice the electricity activities: • Electricity Production Authority • Electricity Distribution Authority • Electricity Projects Implementation Authority
1983	Within the framework of reformation and restructuring program, an electrical power distribution authority was established to supervise distribution companies which became independent from Egypt electricity authority.
2000	Electricity production companies were separated from distribution companies. As a result, there were four companies for thermal power production, one company for hydro power production, seven companies of electricity distribution and one company for electricity transmission. These companies are affiliated to the Egyptian electricity holding company with 49% of shares for sale.
2004	One of the eight distribution companies, Cairo distribution company, was divided into two companies: “North Cairo” and “South Cairo“. Objectives: 1. Settle The General Plane & Energy Generation, Transmission And Distribution Using The High-Tech And The Latest Scientific Development And Supervise The Execution of Such Plan And Follow-Up The Different Activities Concerning The Electrical Network. 2. Suggest The Electric Energy Prices For All Different Voltage Levels And Different Usages. 3. Supervise the Study And Execution Of Essential Electrical Projects. 4. Publish The Statistics And Data Relating To Electric Energy Production & Consumption 5. Supply The Technical Consultancies And Services In The Electric Fields To Arab Countries And All Others. Activities: Rural electrification & distribution company networks • Strengthen the electric network of (247) villages. • Replace & renovate electric networks of (220) villages. • Electrify 380 mini villages. • Installation, replacement & renovation of 180 medium voltage distribution panels. • Installing 4751 distributing transformer with 1877 MVA total capacity. • Commissioned of 8794 Km over head lines & underground cables of low & medium voltage. • Laying out & renovating 95 thousand km isolated wires thus number of is isolated wires • reached 148 thousand km or 21% of low voltage over head lines • Establishing 16 distribution service centers through the cities & villages to have totally 1238 centers. Activities in rural arias
	Projects 2004-2005 TARGET Target Investments (M.L.E.) H.V. Substation O.H. Transmission lines Implemented 5 substation, 120 Km. T.L. under construction 165 Rural Electrification Electrified of little settlements Strengthen of village networks Rehabilitation network Electrified rural projects 400 290 270 9 thousands feddan 20 72 32 10 Cities Networks Distribution panels M.V. Transformers M.V.T.L. & cables L.V.T.L. & cables 5 panels 40 kiosks 120 Km 70 Km 30

Contact
Addres: 8 Emtidad Ramsis St., Abbassia Sq., Nasr City, Cairo
Phon#: 4017845
Website: http://www.moee.gov.eg
e-mail: moee_info@ hotmail.com

 

Ministry of Environment

History
The EEAA, established by virtue of law no.4 of the year 1994, is to replace the Agency established by Presidential Decree No. 631 of the year 1982, in all its rights and obligations. The latter Agency’s staff are to be transferred to the EEAA with their grades and seniority and are to be assigned to the administrative sectors of the EEAA by a Decree issued by the Agency 's Executive Head.
EEAA, the acronym for the Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency, was officially launched in 1982.
In June 1997, the responsibility of Egypt's first full time Minister of State for Environmental Affairs was assigned as stated in the Presidential Decree no.275/1997. From thereon, the new Ministry of Sate for Environmental Affairs (MSEA) has focused, in close collaboration with the national and international development partners, on defining environmental policies, setting priorities and implementing initiatives within a context of sustainable development.
MSEA and EEAA are the highest authority in Egypt responsible for promoting and protecting the environment, and coordinating adequate responses to these issues.

Objectives

• Strategic Objective:
  To introduce and integrate environmental dimensions in all national policies, plans, programs relevant to protection of human health and management of natural resources.
  
• Medium-Term Objective:
  To preserve the natural resource base, national heritage and biodiversity within a context of sustainable development.
• Short-Term Objective:
  To reduce current pollution levels and thereby minimizes health hazards and improves quality of life.
• The mission of the agency is to:
  - Prepare the National Plans for Environmental Protection.
  - Prepare the Emergency Environmental Plan for disasters.
  - Prepare the draft laws concerning the Environment.
  - Implement the experimental projects.
  - Prepare the Environmental Training and Planning Policy.
  - Draft the necessary norms and standards to ensure that the environment is not polluted.
  - Formulate the basis and procedures for the assessment of environmental impacts of projects.
  - Supervise the Environmental Protection and Development Fund.
  

Structure
Download the diagram of the ministry structure.

 

 

Ministry of Health

Mission of the ministry
• Putting the strategy of health and population according to the state’s strategy.
• Planning health services and berth control according to development plan.
• Recording health data and applying statistical and economic studs to analyze this data to get information needed for planning and monitoring.
• Offering central health services including the central laboratories for medicine and recording, training the workers.
• Quality control of medicine.
• Effective management during health crises.
• Managing services and health centers and population.
• Coordination of health activities at the local level in all provinces and developed.
Activities
• Population sector put the polices which help in sustainable development, monitoring the activates which participate in achieving aims of population strategies and organizing among all partners in this filled to achieve prediction of Egyptian citizens in:
• Vision of population section and birth control : The Ministry of Health and Population Sector represented in the population and family planning leadership role in the coordination and integration between sectors on population and reproductive health in line with the aspirations of the Egyptian citizen, through :
• Commitment to self-reliance and sustainability by supporting the development of institutional capacities and development of human and material resources within the overall framework of the program of health reform in Egypt.
• Strategic Planning of the population basis for the development of population and reproductive health services and family planning services in partnership with all bodies executing the government sector and the public and private sectors and civil societies
• Providing reproductive health services and family planning services of high quality and cost are available within a comprehensive health-care services are guaranteed for all.
• Support outreach programs to reproductive health services and family planning to increase demand, a higher rate of coverage.
• Introduce modern techniques and mechanisms with regard to reproductive health care and family planning services to members of the community.
• projects of the population sector
• The activities of the sector of the population
• The national population policy
• Population strategies
• NGOs

Structure
Download the diagram of the ministry structure.

Contact
Address: 3 Magles El Shaab St., Kasr El Aini St.Cairo
Phone #:7951821 / 7941507
Fax: 7953966
Website: http://www.mohp.gov.eg
E-mail: moh@ idsc.gov.eg

 

 

Ministry of local development (MLD)

This ministry was separated in to two ministries; the Ministry of Local Development (MLD) and the Ministry of Economic Development one year ago (2006). The data about the ministry in its new context is under review and are not expected to be different drastically about its condition before.

The History
The Ministry of Planning and Local Development (MPLD) was reorganized according to the presidential decree no. 423 -2005, as Ministry of Local Development was merged into Ministry of Planning.

Objectives
Ministry of planning and local development is responsible of the following objectives:

• Enhance regional planning mechanisms to insure equitable investment distribution.
• Insure balanced growth for all state territories.
• Insure coordinated geographic distribution of developmental projects.
• Achieve best economic and social growth rates.
• To insure that development and operation act as vehicle of public policies and plans particularly economic and social plan.
• Receive periodical reports upon various implemented activities in the governorates.
• Empowering local administrative units to perform its role and tasks within the framework of local administration system root decentralization applications and generalizing pioneer experiences in some governorates.

First: In regard of development planning:


• Receive suggestions from ministries in production sectors, services and governorates in regard of preparation of comprehensive planning for economic and social development.
  
• Design a plan that depends on specific, clear objectives and include all economic and social activities, besides organizing the productive, services, investment and consumption of community’s capacities.
  
• Design the investment plans of economic and social development and follow-up its implementation.
  
• Periodic evaluation of investment projects.
  
• Improve planning techniques, planning data and monitoring, besides establishing an information system (collection, tabulation, revision and dissemination).
  
• Follow-up advancement in national economic, available capabilities and follow-up the scientific and technological advancement at the international level.
  
• Suggest various policies to assure plan implementation and achieve its economic and social objectives in coordination with co-ministries to provide fund.
  
  Second: In regard of economic, social and local development:
  
• Economic and social development planning on both local and national levels.
  
• Design developmental policies, fund scheming and reinforcement of developmental projects implementation and management in governorates.
  
• Coordination among various exerted efforts in local communities’ development and local administrative units.
  
• Enhance, improve and upgrade local administration units’ role in both community development, operation, integral and sustainable development.
  

Structure
Download the diagram of the ministry structure.

 

 

Ministry of water resource and irrigation

History
In 1836, the Public Works Department was established as a part of the Schools bureau at Mohamed Ali Pasha's reign.
in 1836, the Public Works Department was established as a part of the Schools Headquarter redundancy at Mohamed AliPasha's reign. In 1857, The Nizarah of Public Works was established and it comprised many departments like the deeps of Railway, Telegraphs, the Survey, the Building Construction, the Agriculture, Alexandria Harbor, the Antiques, the Opera House, the Zoo, the Aquarium Garden, the Sewage, and the Irrigation Department.
In 1914, the name changed from Nizarah to Ministry , so the name became the Ministry of Public Works. In 1964, the republican decree no. 301 for the year of 1964 was issued to form a new government and limit the ministry activities on irrigation and drainage.
Hence, it was called the Ministry of Irrigation. In 1977, a republican decree was issued to add the responsibilities of land reclamation to the Ministry. So, it was called the Ministry of Irrigation and Land Reclamation. In 1987, the republican decree no. 449 for the year 1987 was issued to modify the name to the Ministry of Public Works and Water Resources. In 1999, the republican decree no. 409 for the year 1999 was issued to modify the name to the Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation.

Objectives
The ministry looking forward to saving an adequate and good quality of water for every varied requirement of the varied requirements. Besides the ministry is looking forward to managing the Nile water and the surface and deeping water resources. The ministry is planning, designing, constructing, managing, and maintaining the irrigation and drainage system in Egypt.
The ministry is developing the water resources in order to satisfy the increasing requirements and improving the water usage efficiency. In addition to keeping the water paths away from pollution. Cooperating and coordinating with the Nile trough countries aims at increasing the resources of fresh water in the next rank.

Structure
Download the diagram of the ministry structure.

Activities

• WATER BOARDS PROJECT:
  The Water Boards Project was established by the Government of Egypt with assistance from the Government of the Netherlands. The project is testing different possibilities for participation water management at secondary levels, through the establishment of Water Boards. Formed and run by the users themselves, the Water Boards will contribute to better water use efficiency, management and distribution. This will be achieved through regular user-to user communication and coordination with government decision-makers.
  The Water Boards will contribute to the formulation and approval of a new national policy of irrigation water management, based on farmer participation, at the level of secondary canals. The Project will develop a legal framework for participatory water management at secondary level that can be applied to the whole of Egypt. It will concentrate on the institutional aspects of water management rather than on construction or rehabilitation activities. NSCE in a consortium with Royal Haskoning and IWACO Egypt is providing the project with technical assistance in different areas.
  Period: 1999 -2003
  Donor : The Netherlands Embassy
  Country: Egypt
  
  
• EVALUATION IMPACT OF DUTCH COOPERATION IN WATER MANAGEMENT ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN EGYPT:
  The year 1975 was the beginning of the bilateral development cooperation between Egypt and the Netherlands. Overall aim of the cooperation has been to support Egypt in the achievement of sustainable economic and social development. The aid program has been mainly working in four different sectors with an emphasis on the sector water management.
  Poverty alleviation is one of the targets addressed by most of the development projects in developing countries but it is not directly related with the different Dutch-Egyptian cooperation activities in the water sector. However, one can pursue it through indirect impact of the different implemented projects.
  As the Egyptian Dutch cooperation will phase out after 2004, NSCE has been commissioned to carry out a study on the overall impact of the water management projects on poverty alleviation.
  The tasks of NSCE include the selection of sample projects that will be subject of the study and the review of all the project documents and the related evaluation reports of these selected projects. After finishing the deskwork, fieldwork is carried out by NSCE in pilot areas to evaluate the impacts of the different projects on poverty alleviation by interviewing key informants from a wide range of Dutch and Egyptian key stakeholders. Finally, the results of the study are documented in the final report.
  Period: Jan. 03 - May 03
  Donor : Egyptian Dutch Advisory Panel Project on water Management
  Country: Egypt
  
  
• AGRICULTURAL DRAINAGE: TOWARDS AN INTERDISCIPLINARY AND INTEGRATED APPROACH:
  For a study of the Rural Development Department of the World Bank consisting of a comparative investigation in a country and in five developing countries that represent different drainage situation, NSCE has been subcontracted the study and analysis of Egypt’s drainage situation by ARCADIS EUROCONSULT
  The study, which is sponsored by the Bank-Netherlands Partnership Program / Water-Environment window will include case studies from Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Mexico, Pakistan, and the Netherlands. Its aim is to contribute to improving design and implementation of interventions in the drainage sector, which meet users, and donors’ objectives to produce integrated and sustainable drainage development. This will be achieved through the definition of a typology of drainage situations based on technical-physical, social-managerial and environmental criteria, and by pointing at different objectives of drainage when addressing local diversity. The study will identify different institutional models for drainage management, analyze best practices for different drainage situations, and develop a framework to better understand and recognize drainage interaction between different elements of the hydrologic cycle and different water using sectors as part of integrated water resource management.
  Period: 2002
  Donor : Rural Development Department of the World Bank
  Country: Egypt
  
  
• NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES PLAN PROJECT:
  The National Water Resources Plan Project started in 1998 for a period of 4 years. On behalf of the project, NSCE assessed and formulated a plan for a nationwide consultation and public awareness about NWRP. The overall objective of the project is to assist the Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation with the development of a National Water Resources Plan that will outline how Egypt will safeguard its water resources in the future, both with respect to quantity and quality and how it will use its resources in the best way from a socio-economic and environmental point of view. Representatives of various Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation (MWRI) departments and from public and private stakeholders outside the Ministry are involved in the consultation process that is being implemented mostly through workshops that are meant to introduce the NWRP project’s objectives, methodology and accomplishments and to discuss problems related to water resource planning and possible solutions. In addition to these institutional bodies consultative meetings with representative stakeholders of both the public and private sector at decentralized level started. Though NWRP project’s collaboration capitalizes on joint experience, networks, resources and efforts at all levels, some constraints were faced and the project representatives expressed concerns on the effectiveness of the consultations with both governmental and private stakeholders, and invited NSCE to develop a proposal, and subsequently implement a study and formulate a plan that would address the identified problems.
  Period: Jul. 2002 – Sep. 2002
  Donor: Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affair
  Country: Egypt
  
  
• IMPLEMENTATION OF A TRAINING- & WORKSHOP PROGRAMME ON INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL STRENGTHENING:
  NSCE was subcontracted by the Management for Development Foundation (MDF) of Ede, the Netherlands, to provide technical, organizational and administrative services in the form of workshop facilitation and co-moderation, workshop documentation, administration, workshop translation and logistic assistance, during the implementation of a training and combined workshop programme on Institutional Development and Organizational Strengthening.
  The scope of the programme was on how to assess the changing institutional environment of both the Egyptian Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation (MWRI) and the Egyptian Public Authority for Drainage Projects (EPADP), and on how to decide on priorities for institutional development and organizational strengthening. The program is considered to be a first step in providing the senior managers of EPADP with the skills on how to address the required managerial capacity building and policy making capacity of EPADP to cope with the institutional reform process, initiated by the MWRI. The assignment consists of three training stages with each stage lasting for 6 days.
  Period: April 2002-October 2002
  Donor: Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs /The Netherlands Embassy
  Country: Egypt
  
  
• INTESP PUBLIC AWARENESS CAMPAIGN:
  NSCE has been commissioned by the Egyptian Public Authority for Drainage Projects (EPADP) to design and supervise the production of a public awareness campaign to support the Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation (MWRI) in its effort to transfer responsibility of drainage organization and maintenance to farmers and other target groups.
  NSCE is carrying out the assignment through a comprehensive participatory rapid appraisal (PRA) with all involved stakeholders, such as farmers, water users and EPADP staff, in four pilot areas. On the basis of the PRA results, NSCE developed and facilitated the implementation of a public awareness campaign for a participatory drainage extension program. This included the development and design of a set of public awareness tools, and the training of Drainage Engineers on how to make best use of the said material.
  Period: April 2001-August 2002
  Donor: Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs /The Netherlands Embassy
  Country: Egypt
  
  
• FAYOUM WATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT –III (FWMP III):
  The FWMP is an Egyptian-Netherlands Development Co-operation programme aimed at increasing the efficiency and equitable use of water in operation and maintenance through irrigation rehabilitation, improved channel maintenance, and through an increasing attention to institutional development and farmers participation. FWMP III goals are to enhance the structure and function of the local water boards, establish and test the concept of participatory integrated water management at district level. In accordance with the institutional reform goals, NSCE was commissioned to provide communication and cooperation training to the project engineers to improve the project’s internal and external communication. NSCE designed the material, methods and facilities needed for training, produced a detailed training programme in Arabic and English and prepared a course manual and implemented a 3-day training course.
  Period: April 2002-may 2002
  Donor: The Netherlands Embassy
  Country: Egypt